Journal: Epigenetics

Article Title: The combination of dimethoxycurcumin with DNA methylation inhibitor enhances gene re-expression of promoter-methylated genes and antagonizes their cytotoxic effect

doi: 10.1080/15592294.2016.1226452

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of simultaneous treatment with DAC and DMC on apoptosis induction in leukemia cells. a. CEM leukemia cells were treated with different concentrations of DAC, DMC, and the combination for 48 h and apoptosis induction was quantified as described under methods. The left, middle, and right panels: we used 250 nM, 500 nM, and 1000 nM of DAC in combination with different concentrations of DMC, respectively. b. Jurkat leukemia cells were treated with DAC, DMC, and the combination, similar to the treatment to CEM cells. In all experiments, data represent the mean ± SD for 3 replicates. c. Analysis of the synergistic and antagonistic effects of the combination on apoptosis induction. The combination index (CI) was calculated by CalcuSyn software for dose-effect analysis in CEM cells (left panel) and Jurkat cells (right panel). The combinations used were fixed concentrations of DAC with variable concentrations of DMC (250, 500, 1000 nM). d. Analysis of the synergistic and antagonistic effects of the combination on apoptosis induction in BMNC derived from MDS (left panel) and AML patients (right panel). ‘1′ indicates 100 nM DAC + 250 nM DMC, ‘2′ indicates 100 nM DAC + 500 nM DMC, ‘3′ indicates 250 nM DAC + 250 DMC, and ‘4′ indicates 250 nM DAC + 500 nM DMC. CI values equal to 1 are represented by the dashed line and considered additive, values greater than 1 are antagonistic, and values lower than 1 are synergistic.

Article Snippet: Frozen acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMNC) were purchased from Allcells (Alameda, CA).

Techniques: Software, Derivative Assay

Journal: Epigenetics

Article Title: The combination of dimethoxycurcumin with DNA methylation inhibitor enhances gene re-expression of promoter-methylated genes and antagonizes their cytotoxic effect

doi: 10.1080/15592294.2016.1226452

Figure Lengend Snippet: The combination of DMC and DAC enhances gene expression of promoter-methylated genes. CEM cells treated with the single drugs and the combination for 24 h and gene expression of p15 (a) and CDH-1 (b) was quantified by RT-PCR as described under Materials and methods. c. BMNC from AML and MDS patients were treated with the single drugs and the combination for 24 h and gene expression of p15 and CDH-1 was quantified. The alphanumeric characters represent the name of the drug and the concentration in nM, where ‘D’ represents DAC and ‘M’ represents DMC. For instance, D100 represents DAC 100 nM and D250 + M500 represents the combination of DAC 250 nM and DMC 500 nM. Data represent the mean ± SD for 3 replicates. * indicates a significant difference from the control at P < 0.05. d. CEM cells treated with the single drugs and the combination for 24 h and the protein expression of p15 and CDH-1 was quantified by Western blotting. D + M250 indicates the combination of 250 nM DAC and 250 nM of DMC. D + M500 indicates the combination of 250 nM DAC and 500 nM DMC.

Article Snippet: Frozen acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMNC) were purchased from Allcells (Alameda, CA).

Techniques: Expressing, Methylation, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Concentration Assay, Western Blot